Quick Reference Guide

ABCDES of Diabetes Care

		GUIDELINE TARGET (or personalized goal)
A	A1C targets	A1C ≤7% If on insulin or insulin secretagogue, assess for hypoglycemia and ensure driving safety
B	BP targets	BP <130/80 mmHg If on treatment, assess for risk of falls
C	Cholesterol targets	LDL-C <2.0 mmol/L
D	Drugs for CVD risk reduction	ACEi/ARB (if CVD, age ≥55 with risk factors, OR diabetes complications) Statin (if CVD, age ≥40 for Type 2, OR diabetes complications) ASA (if CVD) SLGT2i/GLP1ra with demonstrated CV benefit (if have type 2 DM with CVD and A1C not at target)
E	Exercise goals and healthy Eating	150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity/ week and resistance exercises 2-3 times/week Follow healthy dietary pattern (i.e. Mediterranean diet, low glycemic index)
S	Screening for complications	Cardiac: ECG every 3-5 years if age >40 OR diabetes complications Foot: Monofilament/Vibration yearly or more if abnormal Kidney: Test eGFR and ACR yearly, or more if abnormal Retinopathy: yearly dilated retinal exam
S	Smoking cessation	If smoker: Ask permission to give advice, arrange therapy and provide support
S	Self-management, stress, other barriers	Set personalized goals (see “individualized Goal Setting” panel) Assess for stress, mental health, and financial or other concerns that might be barriers to achieving goals

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Vascular Protection Medication Assessment Tool:Interactive Tool

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